清洁可再生能源材料(Eco-and Renewable Energy Materials)_周勇著_9787030352606

　　Since the beginning of the 20th century， there have been great improvements in the daily life of human through the use of petroleum as a basic material. However， we now face the problem of petroleum supply and depletion. Meanwhile， global warming， the most threatening problem， stimulates the research towards alternative fuel sources using eco- and renewable energy typically such as solar energy. Material technology plays a particularly important role in the field of energy. Rapid depletion of fossil fuels and growing environmental concerns make energy one of the greatest challenges facing humankind in the 21st century. We need sustainable energy production and efficiently use natural energy to meet socio-economic and environmental targets. To cover various topics in such an interdisciplinary area， it is high time to provide timely review of a number of important developments in this field.
　　The science of energy-harvesting materials is experiencing phenomenal growth and attracting huge interest. Eco- and Renewable Energy Materials showcases the basic principle and the latest developments of the materials technologies， which are related to prevent global warming and secure energy resources from the viewpoint of materials science. Chapter 1 by Chenghui Li provides a concise overview of the development of silicon based photovoltaic materials.
　　With the consideration of the uniqueness of perylenes， Chen Li and Klaus Mullen in Chapter 2 review the development of perylenes in organic photovoltaics. Jianguo Liu et al illustrate carbon corrosion in the electrocatalysts of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 by Tingyue Gu and coworkers summarizes various recent advances in bio-fuel cell research using various biomass feed stocks. Yonggang Wang et al in Chapter 5 survey new progress in using nanostructured materials as cathodes and anodes to develop lithium-ion batteries with high energy density， high rate capability， and excellent cycling stability. In Chapter 6， Dechun Zou et al summarize the updated fabrication and development of fiexible solar cells. Chapter 7 by Zhaosheng Li and coworkers introduce history and operating principles of the photoelectrochemical cell for hydrogen generation. In Chapter 8， Huanting Wang et al describe the application of metal-organic frameworks to CO2 capture. They also review in Chapter 9 recent activities in the development of CO2 selective separation membranes， focusing on the fabrication and separation performance of current polymeric membranes and their modification， inorganic membranes and mixed-matrix membranes.

更多科学出版社服务，请扫码获取。

　　Hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon （c-Si：H） is a mixed phase material， containing a crystalline silicon fraction and an amorphous silicon fraction. The crystallites are generally only a few nanometers to a few tens of nanometers in diameters， and are present in "bunches" or "conglomerates" in the layers. These conglomerates are much larger than the crystallites themselves， up to a micron or even larger. Because the crystallites are in the nanometer range， microcrystalline silicon is often referred to as "nano-crystalline silicon". The two names are nowadays used interchangeably. Like amorphous silicon， microcrystalline Si contains a lot of hydrogen （several percents）， which is incorporated in situ during deposition and ensures passivation of most defects in the layers. The term "microcrystalline Si" covers， in fact， a whole range of materials， ranging from amorphous silicon with a few percents of crystalline phase to a material with only a few percents of amorphous silicon. The properties of the materials at the two extremes are quite different. In practice， the best devices are obtained with material close to the edge between microcrystalline and amorphous Si， so most recent
　　papers refer to this type of material， which contains a large amorphous fraction. The development of thin-film polycrystalline silicon （polysilicon） for solar cells can be seen as the continuation of this trend towards higher crystallinity. Thin film polysilicon is a material with grain size in the range 1 靘 to 1 mm. In contrast to microcrystalline silicon， this material does not contain any amorphous tissue， or only a very small amount （well below 1%）. One could think that the border between microcrystalline and polycrystalline silicon is not very sharp. In practice， there is a very clear distinction between the two materials because polysilicon is very far from the amorphous-to-crystalline transition， and always involves much higher temperatures than those used for microcrystalline silicon. Thin-film polysilicon solar cells have active layers that are usually thinner than 5 靘， often about only 2 靘. The technology is more recent and less mature than amorphous and microcrystalline silicon， but progress in the last few years has been very fast.

你还可能感兴趣

我要评论